El Baño del Papa (César Charlone & Enrique Fernandez, 2007, Uruguay / Brazil / France)

The Pope is coming to the small Uruguayan town of Melo, close to the Brazilian border, which naturally arouses the excitement of the locals, both in terms of religious fervour and entrepreneurial endeavour. Stoked up by the media reports predicting massed numbers of pilgrims from all around the continent, the townsfolk prepare to cash in, making souvenir flags and all manner of chorizo-based foods for the throngs of visitors, in the hope of lifting themselves out of the all-prevalent poverty of the area. Among them is Beto, who makes his small living running goods for 40 miles across the Brazilian border on his rickety boneshaker of a bicycle, either through the manned border post or by way of the rough treacherous terrain surrounding it, guarded by the crooked mobile patrolman Meleyo. He is not guided by greed, but a simple desire to make a semi-honest living for himself and his family, his wife Carmen and daughter Silvia. However, the money he makes from these border runs only seem earn him enough for a few extra drinks at the local watering-hole.

Then there comes his Archimedes moment – if throngs are expected to line the streets of Melo for the papal visit, then at least some are going to need to relieve themselves, so why not build a toilet and charge for its use? That could pay for the motorbike which would make his border crossings easier on his weary body, and leave enough to put aside to put his young daughter through a decent education. Of course, this will involve construction materials, and therefore more money, but surely these costs will eventually lead to the reaping of a healthy dividend for the him and his family?

If this all sounds rather whimsical, then it is to directors Chalone’s and Fernandez’s credit that El Baño del Papa emerges as an engaging story, ultimately presenting a satire of the false hopes which organised religion, coupled with mass-media hystericism, can create in simple, ordinary folk. The film’s realist aesthetic, coupled with Beto’s mode of transport, invites comparisons with De Sica’s Ladri Di Biciclette (1948), and there are other parallels: the position of the father as fallible role model, the entirely believably-rendered relationship between husband and wife, the focus on the poor, working classes. A lofty comparison maybe, but one which this low-key, big-hearted film at least partially deserves.

The Dark Knight (Christopher Nolan, 2008, USA)

Lack of ambition is certainly something to be criticized in filmmaking, but is it equally fair to bash too much ambition? It is clear from the outset of The Dark Knight that director Christopher Nolan is out to raise the bar with this film, not just for the Batman franchise which he resurrected so well with Batman Begins (2005), but for comic-book superhero films in general. If I do take issue with the structure, content and pacing of this epic blockbuster, then it is that it tries to do too much rather than too little; ultimately, I would rather films attempt to raise their sights high rather than settle for mediocrity, so it really is to Nolan’s credit that The Dark Knight is so ambitious, even if it falls just short of the mark.

Batman Begins was in many ways an easier film to assess, as it was a wholesale redrawing of what had become a tiresome, lumbering film franchise. It was a real success; a fine cast, gripping story, striking visuals, and enough subtext to keep both the comic purists and the critics happy. It was also a box-office hit, and one which naturally invited a sequel. Three years later, in which time Nolan gave us the labyrinthine The Prestige (2006), we return to Gotham City, where Batman has now become a rather more familiar figure in the public eye. Impersonators have begun to spring up, reflecting his symbolic status as someone who could bring hope to the metropolis’ crime-ridden streets. But now there is another source for optimism in the person of new District Attorney Harvey Dent, elected on the promise of eradicating the Mob, only by legal means.

The story neatly intertwines with that set up in the earlier film; Bruce Wayne is a reluctant hero, and is all to pleased to see that the new DA could see him able to hang up his batsuit for good, and make good on his promise to his beloved Rachel. Unfortunately, Rachel happens to be both assistant to and romantically involved with said Mr Dent, and so a complex love triangle inevitably ensues. Meanwhile, we are introduced to the Joker, who seems just like an ordinary petty criminal, except with a rather macabre taste in make-up strategies – face as white as Michael Jackson’s, green hair and a blood-red-smeared Chelsea smile. Swiftly we begin to sense that there is something unconventional about his intentions: money is no object for him, instead a rather macabre sense of humour which seems to thrive on pain, torture and random violence.

This much is well poised for a rollicking action-packed rollercoaster-ride, and throw in some police corruption, car chases, races against ticking clocks and moral dilemmas and surely you have a recipe for success? Well, yes, but with reservations. Firstly the good: and the goods are really good. DP Wally Pfister’s Gotham City is amazing, and the urban cinematography throughout is absolutely top-notch, creating the moody backdrop necessary for the story to play itself on top of. The idea of a coherent, living city, is also fleshed out with the characters which populate it: those already mentioned, as well as police lieutenant James Gordon and his not entirely trustworthy force, the various mobsters, hoodlums and gangsters who control sections of the city, the more ‘respectable’ businessmen with whom they co-operate, and of course the television reporters and commentators – see Robocop (1987) for how important these are for creating a believable fictional world.

And then there is the impeccable cast: another extraordinarily nuanced, subtle performance by Gary Oldman as Lieutenant Gordon, Maggie Gyllenhaal outdoes Katie Holmes as Rachel Dawes, Aaron Eckhart is entirely believable as Harvey Dent, and who else but Morgan Freeman and Michael Caine could be Bruce Wayne’s technical staff? If anything, Christian Bale has the least to do, save for be shown a few blueprints and new gadgets, and mumble in that emphysemic voice whilst under the bat mask. But of course, the performance which has drawn most attention is that of Heath Ledger as the Joker, and not without reason: the brooding pinup completely throws himself into the role of a psychopath, replete with odd mannerisms, explosions of violence, and a strange demonic voice just the wrong side of Al Pacino. Quite unlike anything we’ve come to expect from him before, and what a shame that we will not be able to see any more of his many talents.

With such talent at his disposal, Nolan is able to explore themes which other films might shy from. The psychopathic Joker presents most of these for us on a plate: the questionable nature of insanity, the role of chance in our lives (see No Country for Old Men), the idea that both he and Batman are ‘freaks’ and outcasts from society. The situations that he invents for Batman, and Lt Gordon, to agonise their way out of ensure as great a degree of soul-searching and moral questioning in the audience as in the characters we are watching. Harvey Dent, too, is forced to confront things he would not wish to face, one of which causes a profound change in his outlook on life that cannot be revealed here, but needless to say it is caused by more clever scheming by the criminal Joker.

So, much to recommend of the film. So why my aforementioned reservations? For one thing, it is too long. At 152 minutes, it is only 12 minutes longer than its predecessor, but that had the job of recasting the whole franchise; here, all we need is a story on top of that. There is a definite sense of what i would term cliffhanger fatigue – one too many ticking clocks for the hero to stop from counting down to zero for its own good. It is also a little confusing at times, by sheer volume of plotting; early on I felt more than a little lost amidst all of the intrigues and strands of storyline which it was setting up, and was more than happy to see a more familiar, simple structure begin to emerge as the running time went on. Again, there is just too much going on at times, which is fine for a slow, thoughtful arthouse film, but for a giganto-blockbuster it is just too much.

So what, overall, to make of such an epic work? As a blockbuster film, it is so much more thematically profound, visually impressive and better performed than nearly everything else out there that is seems a little unnecessarily negative to start to pick holes in it. But the high standard of Christopher Nolan’s previous work demands that such rigours be placed on his output, and I do have to say that this feels like one of his least tightly-controlled films. As much as the likes of Memento (2000) and The Prestige (2006) were ambitious in what they set out to achieve, they both succeeded on their own terms. The Dark Knight reaches just that bit too far for its own good, but at least it tries, and goes most of the way, to the greatness to which it aspires.

Man on Wire (James Marsh, 2008, UK / USA)

Phillipe Petit comes across as fairly barking, but then you would have to be in order even to consider breaking into the World Trade Center, climbing to the summit, and then erecting and walking across a high wire nearly 1,400 feet above New York. Yet this is exactly what he managed to achieve on the morning of August 7 1974, an event chronicled in this entertaining documentary feature from director James Marsh. What comes through from it all is the idea that a feat which is so visually simple, technically complex, and utterly absurd can still hold so much meaning to one man, his friends, and also the wider world.

It is a little difficult to take everything that Petit says entirely seriously; his constant describing of things as ‘beautiful’ and his playing down of the dangers involved in his escapades suggest a highly romanticized, and dare I say French, view on life and his craft. So we have to go on trust with his claim that it was as a young boy sitting in a dentist’s waiting room reading a newspaper article about the proposed construction of the world’s tallest building that he first developed the idea of doing this high-wire stunt to end all stunts. In one of several staged reconstructions we see the young Petit scribble a line between the two towers’ peaks, at once a simple piece of defacing and a signal of serious intent.

Following a series of smaller walks at Sydney Harbour Bridge and Notre Dame Cathedral, he slowly began to plan the impossible. Director Marsh chooses to intercut the events of the day of the walk with actual footage and reconstructions detailing the meticulous preparations in the months leading up to the big day. It is bizarrely comic at times; his rag-tag bunch of cohorts are a shambolic lot, somewhat ironically introduced to us one-by-one with dramatic spotlit facial close-ups. The film plays events like a classic heist movie, the ‘crime’ of course an artistic rather than financial one, and his conspirators less Ocean’s Eleven (1960/2001), more I Soliti Ignoti (1958).

At the centre of it all is Petit himself: hyper-animated, hyper-eccentric, clearly a man who enjoys the limelight, yet always engaging and aware of the quixotic nature of his great dream; someone less endearingly charming would almost certainly come across as dangerously obsessive. What is incredible is his own self-belief; he appears to have had no doubts that he would be able to pull it all off without meeting a messy end on the sidewalk below. The peripheral players – his girlfriend, Annie, and his long-standing team of Jean-Francois and Jean-Louis – are genial about things until asked to reflect on the longer-term effects of the act: the celebrity status that it brought Petit did not extend to them, and we learn that it marked a painful end to their friendships, one moment of real sadness in the film.

The build-up to the main show is a little lacking in drama – which appears to be why the film is structured in the intercut fashion that it is – but there is enough anecdote to keep things moving along at a reasonable pace. When the main attraction comes, there is an understandable lack of actual footage – we are, of course, in the days before camera phones and YouTube – but the sense of spectacle is enough. What tickled me especially was the official reaction to what was happening – policemen unable to apprehend him whilst on the wire, and afterwards the inability to specify any real serious ‘crime’ that he had committed.

The title Man on Wire comes from the police report of the incident, and deserves to go alongside “Houston, we have a problem” as a great understatements of official reporting. Yet the simplicity of this decscription seems to capture the essence of what Petit is about. The story made the front pages of most of the major newspapers all around the world. In one truly extraordinary act, he was, albeit temporarily, able to stop the world and make it collectively look up at what simple beauty one man with a dream can achieve. Watch, and be inspired.

Great Films: Il Conformista (Bernardo Bertolucci, 1970, Italy / France / West Germany)

One of the darlings of the European art cinema scene, Bernardo Bertolucci’s esteemed reputation rests more popularly with two very different films: Ultimo Tango a Parigi [Last Tango in Paris] (1973) and The Last Emperor (1987). If these two seem a little disparate, then it is perhaps his earlier masterpiece, Il Conformista, which can be seen to unite the two: a lush, visually stunning character study of sexual dysfunction, its causes and its disastrous effects.

At its core, Marcello Clerici (Jean-Louis Trintignant), one of cinema’s great monsters of passivity, a man so desperate for an everyday life that he ends up embroiling himself in Fascism, and ultimately murder. The setting is the Europe of the 1930s – where political battlelines are being drawn up from country to country, and loyalties tested to their fullest extents. But Clerici does not represent one of Mussolini’s partisans, he is something much more dangerous, and common; someone willing to go along with Il Duce and his acolytes simply to fit in with what is considered normal.

His marriage speaks volumes about his character; his soon-to-be wife, the beautiful Giulia (a never more alluring Stephania Sandrelli) is dull, needy, brainless, in many ways his perfect match. In a series of bizarre scenes we are introduced to the other significant figures in his life: his morphine-addicted mother, as decaying as the old family villa she resides in, and his father, now incarcerated in an eerie, garish lunatic asylum. But there is one figure that looms larger in Clerici’s consciousness; in flashback, we see the young Clerici saved from bullying at the hands of his schoolmates by a chauffeur, Lino, who then makes sexual advances towards him. The boy responds by taking the older man’s gun, shooting wildly around before realising that he has shot him.

Alberto Moravia’s source novel Il conformista (1951) makes more of the psycho-sexual problems arising from Clerici’s early life, but Bertolucci’s film wisely simplifies them for clarity’s sake. On the narrative plane, the film shows how his childhood trauma leads to his later dysfunctionality, from which springs a somewhat skewed desire to live what he perceives to be a normal existence, fascist or otherwise. So when, back in between-the-wars Italy, a colleague asks him for help in assassinating his former teacher, an anti-fascist who is now living in exile in Paris, he finds himself torn between his rather lacking sense of morality and his social ambition.

The strong themes explored here, coupled with the exceptional performances from its leads, would be more than enough to make Il Conformista a worthwhile film to watch. That the ambiguity of the central character would serve as a template for later conflicted screen villains, most notably Michael Corleone in The Godfather (1972) and more especially The Godfather Part II (1974) is of particular interest. But what raises it to the heights of critical praise is its stunning use of cinematography to create its unsettling, seedy tone. Director of photography Vittorio Storaro here created a maelstrom of colour coding – the icy coldness of the whitewashed asylum where his father lives compared with the rich autumnal colours of his mother’s house a somewhat oedipal signpost, the cool parma violets of Paris (a punning reference to the director’s home town) contrasting with the hot reds found elsewhere. The full gamut of camera-trickery too: odd angles (a la The Third Man), expressionist-like shadows, pans, zooms – maybe this is what Martin Scorsese is always trying to out-do.

To complement this cinematography, there is the magnificently lush production design, created by Ferdinando Scarfiotti. The Fascist period in Italy was one of uniquely bold designs in terms of architecture, fashion and decor, and these modes are beautifully rendered: the beautiful costumes worn by Guilia and Anna, the lavish houses of the urban bourgeoisie, contrasting with the large, imposing, cold offices of the bureaucratic machine. There are cinematic echoes of Leni Riefenstahl, but also visual nods to earlier styles: the film draws to a close under the arches of the Colosseum – a symbol of the imperial past that Mussolini aspired to recreate. Bertolucci’s film is a visually-striking masterpiece not easily forgotten.